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Indice dei contenuti: Fluxus e il corpo dell’elefante Manuela Gandini Achille Bonito Oliva FuturFluxus Ben Vautier De quoi est fait l’ego (2012) A la question: de quoi est fait l’ego Gino Di Maggio Libertà da, libertà di… George Maciunas L’iceberg Fluxus Fluxus with Tools Presentation-Performance Sandro Ricaldone Fluxus and Others Stella Succi Fluxus è «a-beta» Daniele Lombardi TreEffe Michel Giroud FLUXUS maintenant Irene Di Maggio Travelling (in)to Fluxus Gianluca Ranzi Impedimenta fluxorum

The published works of Andi Nachon (Buenos Aires, 1970) comprise more than half a dozen single-authored collections of poetry, inclusion in several recent anthologies, and her own anthology of Argentine women poets. Her name appears in articles and works on recent poetry from Argentina, as in Diana Bellessi’s La pequeña voz del mundo. She also gives frequent readings on the Buenos Aires poetry circuit. Her work, though, lacks a sustained critical study. This is surprising. Nachon’s poetry occupies, in form and technique, a space between the dominant trends of 80s and 90s poetry – broadly speaking, the neobarroco and objectivismo – whilst her themes take in contemporary pop culture, political memory and resistance, and what might be termed the psychogeography of the city. Ambiguity – of subject or narrative position; of syntax; of geographical or physical position; and of gender – characterizes much of her work. For these and other reasons, a detailed reading of a selection of poems from throughout her career is somewhat overdue. This paper sets out to examine a number aspects of her poetry: the context from which her earliest work emerges; its development of novel forms of address, in relation to comparable near-contemporary poets; explorations of space, including a form of psychogeography, in both her early collections and her volume Taiga (2000); the subtle political engagements found in her poetry, including a later collection Plaza real (2004); before looking at her most recent poetry and its interaction with non-poetic forms. Questions of the lyric and what has been called by Baltrusch and Lourido (2012) and Casas (2012), amongst others, “non-lyric poetry”, are central to these analyses.

This study presents an analysis of the appropriation of public space by cultural producers in Cuba, with a focus on art collectives, in particular, OMNI Zona Franca from Alamar, east of Havana. Based on primary research conducted with the artists, cultural producers, and scholars, I discuss OMNI’s work in the context of the history and formation of a nascent movement for civil society in Cuba, locating the collective’s work within the matrix of alternative and African diasporic cultural production. The latter is framed as part of a historical continuum and in the context of the discussion of race that emerged in Cuba’s public sphere during the 1990s with a concurrent movement among black Cuban artists to address issues of race. Situating OMNI’s work in a longer history of Afro-Cuban cultural production in Cuba as well as within the history of art collectives this study demonstrates how OMNI’s participation in the public sphere relates to social practice, appropriation of space, alternativity, and the forging of a wide coalition of civil and artistic alternatives among diverse communities. I draw on discourses on the production of space, particularly those of Henri Lefebvre and Raymond Williams, and argue that the unique and specific history of Alamar provided a fertile ground for alternative culture where multiple and countercultural expressions could be incubated and take root. The struggle over public space and the attempts by artists to create an autonomous public sphere in Cuba have led to continual conflict with the state. Using Gramsci’s theorization of civil society as incorporating both the hegemonic and contestatory realms, I contend that the level of contestation in OMNI Zona Franca’s work should be seen as counter-hegemonic expression aimed at altering the status quo. Producing new social relations, the collective’s practice is offered as an example of how art and cultural production is inaugurating alternative counter-spaces in the context of a demand for a more inclusive and representative Revolutionary public sphere.

INTRODUÇÃO / 01 1° Capítulo: Percursos Urbanos na Arte de Rua / 06 1.1 O Berço da Arte de Rua / 07 1.2 Filhos dos Guetos / 12 1.3 Passos para a Fama / 16 1.4 Guerra de Estilos / 18 1.5 A Expansão nas Mídias / 24 1.6 O Mercado do Graffiti / 27 2° Capítulo: 2 Ato Transgressor: O Artista na Rua / 32 2.1 O Risco Vale a Pena / 33 2.2 “Declare o Seu Amor à Cidade, São Paulo 450 anos” / 34 2.3 Caminhos na Contramão / 38 2.4 XARPI, Profissão Perigo / 42 2.5 A Pixação pela Porta da Frente / 50 2.6 Escrita Urbana / 57 3° Capítulo: 3 Circuitos Locais / 60 3.1 Graffiti Made in Brasil / 61 3.1.1 Artistas do Graffiti / 64 3.2. O Graffiti com Sotaque Carioca / 70 3.2.1. Graffiti de Periferia / 75 3.3. Antídoto Contra a Pixação / 77 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS / 84 APÊNDICES / 90 Circuitos Locais - Galeria de Fotos / 91 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS / 102 *** Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão da origem das intervençõesurbanas através do grafite contemporâneo, sua expansão no Brasil e de que forma aporta aocircuito das instituições oficiais da arte. Orientamos o escopo de nossa pesquisa no sentido deacompanhar a expansão do fenômeno do grafite como arte de rua no Brasil desde anos 1970 até o presente momento; o processo de crescimento dos dois vieses do grafite (pichação egrafite) nas cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro; de que forma o grafite se consagra comoum novo gênero artístico junto ao circuito institucional; e como o ensino do grafite vem sendovinculado a projetos sociais. Partindo desse recorte recorremos à análise da origem desse movimento nos Estados Unidos; a expansão da pichação nas grandes cidades brasileiras apartir de um contexto urbano, e o grafite como uma expressão juvenil que se impõe nessecenário; assim como aspectos e características da pichação em São Paulo e os processos demidiatização e hibridação cultural. Partindo de uma pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e decampo, buscou-se verificar as diferenças e contrastes entre a pichação e o grafite; quais osmétodos de intervenção, técnicas, materiais e estilos; a análise histórica dos artistas pioneiros no grafite na década de 1970 em São Paulo; assim como, o início do grafite no Rio de Janeironos anos 1980. Por fim, procurou-se entender o propósito de iniciativas que visam a oferta decursos e oficinas de grafite em projetos destinados aos jovens de comunidades de baixa rendano Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Abstract This study aims at contributing to an understanding of the origin of the urbaninterventions through the contemporary graffiti, its development in Brazil, and how itcontributes to the circuit of the official institutions of Art. We have decided to carry out ourresearch in order to monitor the expansion of the graffiti phenomenon as a street art in Brazilfrom the 1970s up to the present time, the process of the growth of the two types of graffiti(writings and picture graffiti) in São Paulo and in Rio de Janeiro; how graffiti has establisheditself as a new artistic genre within the institutional circuit; and how the teaching of graffitihas been connected to social projects. Considering the information collected, we have done ananalysis of the origin of this movement in the United States; the expansion of the graffiti inbig Brazilian cities from an urban context, and the graffiti as a youth expression which hasimposed itself in this scenario; as well as aspects of the writings ( pichação)in São Paulo, andthe processes of mediatization and cultural hybridization. From a documental, bibliographicaland field research, we have attempted to point out the differences and contrasts betweenwritings and picture graffiti; which were the intervention methods, the techniques, thematerials, the styles; the historical analysis of the pioneer artists in the 1970s in São Paulo; aswell as the beginning of graffiti in Rio de Janeiro in the 1980s. Finally, we have tried tounderstand the purpose of the initiatives which aim at offering courses and workshops aboutgraffiti in projects for young people from low-income communities in the state of Rio deJaneiro.

Resumo A presente dissertação se desenvolve acerca de uma das formas de arte característica da paisagem urbana contemporânea, o graffiti1. O fenômeno analisado remete tanto ao registro do cotidiano urbano na Antiguidade, como à ação subversiva de grupos marginais na década de 1970, em Nova Iorque. Além de apresentar uma breve abordagem histórica, caracterizando o graffiti como uma arte da rua, que vem ocupando espaços oficiais de exposição, este estudo, baseado em pesquisa desenvolvida na cidade de Vitória, capital do Estado brasileiro do Espírito Santo, analisa a inserção do graffiti na paisagem do lugar, como um fenômeno urbano insurgente. O estudo reconhece, então, a amplitude crescente da difusão da estética inerente ao graffiti em ambientes e mídias diversos, optando, porém, por abordá-lo em seu meio original: o espaço urbano, com destaque para seu aspecto transgressor. A pesquisa envolve identificação, classificação e análise das manifestações de graffiti estampadas no espaço urbano de Vitória a partir de percurso marcado por intensos fluxos cotidianos. O registro do graffiti por meio de levantamento cartográfico e fotográfico foi adotado como o principal suporte para analisar a inserção do fenômeno na cidade. Em caráter complementar, contribuíram para a compreensão da atividade artística em questão entrevistas realizadas com seus praticantes. O resultado do estudo reconhece no graffiti, entre outros aspectos, uma outra urbanidade que insurge a partir de um dos modos de vivenciar a cidade, deslocado das práticas oficiais urbanas, embora gradativamente cooptadas. Abstract This dissertation takes as its subject one of the most characteristic art forms on the contemporary urban landscape: graffiti. The topic in question deals as much with the depiction of daily urban life in the age of antiquity as the subversive actions of marginal groups in 1970s New York. Beyond presenting a brief historical overview, portraying graffiti as an art of the street which has come to occupy established exhibition spaces, this study, based on research carried out in Vitória, the capital city of the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, analyses the placement of graffiti in the landscape of its locale, as an insurgent urban phenomenon. The study thus acknowledges the growing amplitude of the dissemination of the aesthetic inherent within graffiti in diverse platforms and mediums, opting however to explore it in its original environment: the urban space, with focus on its transgressive aspect. The research involves identification, classification and analysis of the manifestations of graffiti stamped upon the urban space of Vitória via a route marked by intense daily activity. The registering of graffiti by means of cartographic and photographical study was adopted as the principal support to analyse the presence of the phenomenon in the city. Complementing this, interviews carried out with graffiti artists further contribute to the comprehension of the artistic endeavour. The outcome of the study recognises in graffiti, amid other aspects, another urbanity which comes from one of the ways to experience the city, displaced from yet gradually integrated into official urban practices.

First of all, PICHACAO; is not graffiti. It is something distinct that only happens in Brazil. What a subversion is to sign the city with your own made-up name, especially a city that seems not to be projected for you? Lights, Ca...

Centred around Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony, this paper employs a critical globalisation theory framework to argue that the 1990s notion of ‘changing the world from below', understood as resistance to capitalist globalisation through a ‘transnational civil society', requires re-theorisation in the light of the contemporary developments in Our America. I make a methodological case for a neo-Gramscian approach to argue that ‘counter-hegemony', together with an adequate theorisation of the state and power, should be the preferred concept over the inherently apolitical and under-theorised ‘alter-globalisation'. Whilst the alter-globalisation movement's ideational and normative challenges to hegemony (captured in ex-British prime minister Thatcher's There-Is-No-Alternative-Doctrine, TINA) are undisputed, the transformation of the global geographies of power through local actors alone has remained illusory. Rather, the experience of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America - Peoples' Trade Agreement (ALBA-PTA) strongly suggests that counter-hegemonic globalisation theory will have to consider the roles of both the ‘state-in-revolution' and the ‘transnational organised society'. This will be shown through the analysis and theorisation of the ALBA-PTA as a multi dimensional inter and transnational counter-hegemonic regionalisation and globalisation project that operates across a range of sectors and scales.

Professionalization and political engagement are usually placed as incompatible in the case of journalism and the mainstream press, resulting in an identification of cultural resistance exclusively with alternative/amateur vehicles. I will use the concept of journalistic field as introduced by Pierre Bourdieu to review these assumptions and discuss a form of political resistance that acts in one's own area of knowledge, is not overtly political and whose effects are not immediately accountable for. Drawing examples from my research on two literary newspapers published in the 1950s in Brazil and Uruguay, this paper will focus on the implications of didacticism for literary criticism as a genre of newswriting. The analysis of these newspapers will lead to a reflection on two main issues: a) the conflict between the professionalization and democratization of literature; and b) the definition of resistance as necessarily an action that is against something. The article will reconsider education in journalism as a form of resistance, taking into account its risks of becoming political indoctrination and commercial manipulation, but emphasizing its potential as a way of expanding access to literature.

This article analyses a range of discourses articulated around the figure of the film archive between the late nineteenth and the early twenty-first centuries, accounting for the various possibilities that they open up for considering audiovisual heritage as a potential space either for revolutionary change or for political or textual resistance. Focused mainly on archival discourses in Mexico, the article traces their interaction with both national-historical and anti-imperialist narratives, and the implications of digital and online culture for the encounter between the archiving of film and resistance. It accounts for the position of the archive in negotiations between state and private capital and spaces of artistic autonomy, and for the relationships between the archive, modernity, postmodernity and the notion of posterity.

Leggeremo ancora, forse leggeremo più di prima, allo stesso modo e diversamente, ma qualcosa cambierà nelle nostre abitudini, inequivocabilmente. La diffusione degli strumenti elettronici per la scrittura, la lettura e la comunicazione ha portato a una vera e propria "esplosione testuale": oggi viviamo letteralmente immersi nei testi, li scriviamo, li scambiamo, li stampiamo, li leggiamo su carta, su schermi piccoli e grandi. Ma non è una semplice questione di quantità. Il rapporto con il testo si è modificato profondamente con i supporti digitali. Si legge, si scrive, si pubblica in spazi, tempi e modi mai sperimentati prima. I testi ora si possono leggere ma anche ascoltare, guardare, toccare; si possono attraversare sfuggendo alla lettura lineare; si possono scrivere collettivamente in modo interattivo; si possono mescolare alla realtà in forme inedite di testualità aumentata. Questo libro offre un’illuminante esplorazione delle nuove forme di testualità, di scrittura, di lettura e di pubblicazione, collocando la riflessione in una prospettiva storica. Partendo dall’analisi della tradizione, l’autrice ci guida attraverso considerazioni e sviluppi tecnologici, intuizioni di geniali visionari e abitudini quotidiane, ripresa di forme comunicative e sperimentazioni di un futuro che possiamo solo intravedere. Il testo digitale 1 Presentazione 10 Introduzione 16 Capitolo 1 - Tutti i testi del mondo / 1.1 E-text 18 1.2 Testo/scrittura 22 1.3 Il testo da ascoltare 27 1.4 Un mondo da leggere 30 1.5 Il testo come intenzione comunicativa 34 1.6 Dialogare con il lettore 35 1.7 Il testo come oggetto 38 1.8 Il testo senza materia 40 Capitolo 2 - Il testo per pensare / 2.1 Scrittura e conoscenza 44 2.2 Appunti, commenti, note 46 2.3 Le mappe del testo 51 2.4 Scritture di servizio 54 2.5 Testi in gestazione 58 2.6 Le grammatiche invisibili 64 2.7 Opere aperte 68 Capitolo 3 - Leggere l'alfabeto / 3.1 Leggere libri 72 3.2 Breve storia del testo a stampa 78 3.3 Le parti del testo 83 3.4 Impaginato e pagine 86 3.5 Caratteri 90 3.6 Tra passato e presente 94 3.7 Caratteri liquidi e testi aumentati 97 Capitolo 4 - Testi da guardare / 4.1 Immersi nel testo 102 4.2 Libri illustrati e affini 107 4.3 Immagini da leggere 113 4.4 Leggere le immagini 117 4.5 Audio 122 4.6 Multimedia 128 4.7 Digital storytelling 132 4.8 Magic text 136 Capitolo 5 - Testi da esplorare / 5.1 Navigare tra le pagine 140 5.2 Scritture ipertestuali 143 5.3 La Rete, ipertesto per eccellenza 148 5.4 Alla ricerca di informazioni 152 5.5 Fidarsi di ció che si legge 156 5.6 Testi a scoperta 160 5.7 Il testo di studio 164 Capitolo 6 - Testi condivisi / 6.1 Leggere insieme 170 6.2 Scrivere insieme 173 6.3 Strumenti per la scrittura collaborativa 177 6.4 Esperienze di testi a piú mani 179 Capitolo 7 - I proprietari del testo / 7.1 Autori 184 7.2 Editori 191 7.3 Lettori 195 7.4 Collezionisti e biblioteche 199 Conclusioni - ebook: leggere senza pagine 204 Bibliografia 214 La relación con el texto se ha modificado profundamente desde que el mundo se ha vuelto digital: se lee, se escribe, nos vemos y escuchamos en espacios, tiempos y modos que nunca fueron experimentados hasta ahora. Hoy los textos pueden ser leídos, pero también escuchados. Podemos escribir colectivamente en modo interactivo y se pueden mezclar a la realidad en formas inéditas de textualidad aumentada.

This is a book about the politics of alternative poetries and poetic practices, and the ways that experiments in poetry have provided 'spaces' within which radical or revolutionary perspectives can be developed. It explores social and cultural ideas that more normative mainstream cultural representations might seek to suppress. It demonstrates the ways that poems say things about cultural and social issues, and can say them in new and different ways. My work is conceptual, drawing on a variety of theoretical positions to help read poems that are resistant to giving up an easily digested meaning. It is also empirical, and begins with the material evidence of the poems, worrying away at individual words in detailed analyses of the semantic and syntactical relationships in the work. I try to show that any difficulty is worth the effort, and that poems that try to reflect the complexities of modern and contemporary culture and society are not only sometimes difficult to read, but they often have to be.

Josefina Ludmer en el ensayo más esperado de la década deja de lado las categorías de la teoría literaria utilizadas hasta el momento en busca de nuevas articulaciones y nociones que recorran todas las divisiones actuales y permitan entender la configuración política económica y social de los años 2000 en América latina. El resultado es una serie de esbozos teóricos que parten de un universo sin afueras real virtual al que llama imaginación pública o fabrica de realidad. Un universo que no diferencia entre realidad y ficción y cuya lógica es el movimiento la conectividad la superposición y la sobreimpresión de todo lo visto y oído. La literatura es hilo conductor de la imaginación pública y la vía por la que la especulación entra en esa fábrica de realidad. Las temporalidades y los territorios que instalan las ficciones literarias latinoamericanas de los últimos años (como las de Fernando Vallejo, Horacio Castellanos Moya, Martín Kohan, Perla Suez o Diamela Eltit) definen una forma determinada de “realidadficción”. Un libro decisivo de una de las figuras más lúcidas de la crítica actual indispensable para pensar la América latina del siglo XXI.

1. Exploring the sights and sounds of experimental poetry. 2. Heard words: the resonance of the sound on the page. 3. Latin American origins of poetic performativity. 4. From the past into the future 5. The performativity of word, space, form. 6. Poetic performativity. Between art and poetry. 7. Futuristic innovations of past formulations.

Cardboard is hardly a material we associate with new media or digital technology in general. And yet in considering a series of recent editorial projects in several Latin American cities—editorial projects whose last name is always Cartonera and whose defining attribute is a trash aesthetic of hand-painted books made from recycled cardboard—it seems difficult to avoid confronting the present media ecology characterized by these technologies. These editorials produce, on some level, a kind of ‘‘new media,’’ although the mere novelty of their enterprise is only the most superficial of their affiliations with this concept. On the contrary, it seems clear to me that these projects also enact a form of production that should be interrogated within a discussion of the forms of sociality associated with new media and the politico-economic landscape they inhabit and condition.

Prólogo Capítulo I: Testimoniar en oxímoron (El caso César Vallejo) Capítulo II: Testimoniar sin lengua (El caso Alejandra Pizarnik) Capítulo III: Testimoniar sin metáfora (Los casos Washington Cucurto, Martín Gambarotta, Roberta Iannamico). *** Testimoniar en oxímoron, testimoniar sin lengua, testimoniar sin metáfora. Con estas tres fórmulas, Tamara Kamenszain bordea lo dicho por la poesía en los casos César Vallejo, Alejandra Pizarnik, Washington Cucurto, Martín Gambarotta y Roberta Iannamico. El testimonio no es prueba de la realidad sino en todo caso una muestra de vida. La poesía como testimonio mantiene viva la posibilidad de decir. Poniendo los saberes en falta, la poesía dice, da cuenta de la realidad, pero sin que esto signifique apelar a los realismos. En la imposibilidad indecible de todo testimonio, allí la poesía encuentra su boca. En este marco, los ensayos de Kamenszain registran una nueva lectura, tejen otros textos: el Vallejo de España, aparta de mí este cáliz pone en fecha los hechos, recibe en el propio aliento la boca del otro, mata la muerte. Y así como Vallejo deja entrar lo que de vida hay en la muerte, Pizarnik tramita lo que de muerte hay en la vida, en el punto de cese de la lengua que habla en sus últimos libros. Intentando despegar la escritura poética de su herramienta retórica por excelencia, la metáfora, los nuevos poetas buscan pinchar el efecto de show de la realidad. El realismo atolondrado en Cucurto, la búsqueda de lo real en Gambarotta, y el uso en Iannamico son modos de poner al poema en circulación, justo antes de que la ‘literatura’ se extinga. Precisa, lúcida y emotiva, la mirada de Kamenszain renueva las lecturas de dos grandes poetas de la poesía latinoamericana y descubre modos posibles de leer a las nuevas generaciones de la poesía argentina.

Empreendendo uma análise profunda de três romances representativos da literatura latino-americana recente, Diana Klinger aborda dois elementos fundamentais presentes na ficção contemporânea: a presença marcante da primeira pessoa, em que se identificam aspectos de discurso autobiográfico, e uma perspectiva afastada sobre o outro, caracterizando uma literatura que atravessa fronteiras culturais. Escritas de si, escritas do outro constitui, portanto, obra fundamental para a compreensão das novas tendências da ficção contemporânea e, notadamente, da produção literária latino-americana da atualidade.

Empezamos a festejar 15 años compartiendo poesía como pan", dice la invitación al inicio de un ciclo de lecturas de poesía que será la celebración de la década y media de vida que lleva el sello independiente Pan Comido, un colectivo formado por Juan Stahli, Ceferino Lisboa, Andrés Rubino, Fernando Bellino, Alexis Comamala y Pablo Carrizo. El viernes 8 de noviembre, el grupo que formó un sello independiente y que publicó a gran parte de la escena contemporánea cordobesa, celebrará sus 15 años de vida con una lectura de poemas a cargo de Alejandro Schmidt, Eugenia Cabral, Camila Garcia Reyna, Liliana Lukin, Osvaldo Guevara, María Teresa Andruetto, Marcio Olmedo y Elena Anníbali. El poeta Fernando Bellino le cuenta a Ciudad X cómo hicieron los Pan Comido para sobrevivir a la poesía.