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This study presents an analysis of the appropriation of public space by cultural producers in Cuba, with a focus on art collectives, in particular, OMNI Zona Franca from Alamar, east of Havana. Based on primary research conducted with the artists, cultural producers, and scholars, I discuss OMNI’s work in the context of the history and formation of a nascent movement for civil society in Cuba, locating the collective’s work within the matrix of alternative and African diasporic cultural production. The latter is framed as part of a historical continuum and in the context of the discussion of race that emerged in Cuba’s public sphere during the 1990s with a concurrent movement among black Cuban artists to address issues of race. Situating OMNI’s work in a longer history of Afro-Cuban cultural production in Cuba as well as within the history of art collectives this study demonstrates how OMNI’s participation in the public sphere relates to social practice, appropriation of space, alternativity, and the forging of a wide coalition of civil and artistic alternatives among diverse communities. I draw on discourses on the production of space, particularly those of Henri Lefebvre and Raymond Williams, and argue that the unique and specific history of Alamar provided a fertile ground for alternative culture where multiple and countercultural expressions could be incubated and take root. The struggle over public space and the attempts by artists to create an autonomous public sphere in Cuba have led to continual conflict with the state. Using Gramsci’s theorization of civil society as incorporating both the hegemonic and contestatory realms, I contend that the level of contestation in OMNI Zona Franca’s work should be seen as counter-hegemonic expression aimed at altering the status quo. Producing new social relations, the collective’s practice is offered as an example of how art and cultural production is inaugurating alternative counter-spaces in the context of a demand for a more inclusive and representative Revolutionary public sphere.

"Tyler Hoffman brings a fresh perspective to the subject of performance poetry, and this comes at an excellent time, when there is such a vast interest across the country and around the world in the performance of poetry. He makes important connections, explaining things in a manner that remains provocative, interesting, and accessible." ---Jay Parini, Middlebury College American Poetry in Performance: From Walt Whitman to Hip Hop is the first book to trace a comprehensive history of performance poetry in America, covering 150 years of literary history from Walt Whitman through the rap-meets-poetry scene. It reveals how the performance of poetry is bound up with the performance of identity and nationality in the modern period and carries its own shifting cultural politics. This book stands at the crossroads of the humanities and the social sciences; it is a book of literary and cultural criticism that deals squarely with issues of "performance," a concept that has attained great importance in the disciplines of anthropology and sociology and has generated its own distinct field of performance studies. American Poetry in Performance will be a meaningful contribution both to the field of American poetry studies and to the fields of cultural and performance studies, as it focuses on poetry that refuses the status of fixed aesthetic object and, in its variability, performs versions of race, class, gender, and sexuality both on and off the page. Relating the performance of poetry to shifting political and cultural ideologies in the United States, Hoffman argues that the vocal aspect of public poetry possesses (or has been imagined to possess) the ability to help construct both national and subaltern communities. American Poetry in Performance explores public poets' confrontations with emergent sound recording and communications technologies as those confrontations shape their mythologies of the spoken word and their corresponding notions about America and Americanness.

La guaracha, como otras manifestaciones de la cultura oral americana, no ha recibido una justa atención crítica, a pesar de ser un género destacadísimo en la producción popular de Cuba y el Caribe, carencia que este trabajo pretende paliar. Enraizada en el cruce de las tradiciones culturales indígena, hispana y africana, y ligada al proverbial choteo cubano, la guaracha ha recorrido un largo trayecto desde sus inicios en el teatro bufo hasta hoy, fundiéndose con otras modalidades lírico-musicales como muestra de su versatilidad y capacidad de adaptación a los tiempos. Se ilustran las características poéticas de este género a través del análisis de algunas letras de Faustino Oramas "El guayabero", quien alcanzó una notable popularidad en toda Cuba a finales del siglo XX. Similar to other manifestations of oral tradition in American culture, the guaracha has not received its deserved attention from critics, despite being an incredibly prominent genre of popular production in Cuba and the Caribbean. It is this lack of attention that this article intends to remedy. Rooted in the intersection of Indigenous, Hispanic, and African cultures and bound to the proverbial Cuban banter, the guaracha has journeyed from its beginnings in the bufo theatre to its current merging with other lyrical-musical forms, demonstrating its versatility and ability to adapt with the times. Through analyses of lyrics by Faustino Oramas – also known as "The guayabero" – who reached noteworthy popularity throughout Cuba at the end of the 20th century, the poetic characteristics of the genre shine through.

Una biblioteca con libros de historia, ilustraciones, colecciones de VHS, cartucheras de DVDs, compilaciones periodísticas, testimonios, revistas literarias, fotografías, grabaciones sonoras, filmes. Un exhibidor de objetos, disfraces, instrumentos musicales, muñecos. Solicitadas en diarios, invitaciones a eventos, reconstrucciones de espacios, mapas de ciudades, circuitos virtuales en 3D. La imaginación es capciosa, ya que aun cuando efectivamente la reproductibilidad técnica hubiera podido hacer una copia y un registro absoluto, la performance tampoco estaría allí. Su ausencia se distingue de la ruina; el acontecimiento no regresa, no simplemente porque haya pasado el tiempo, sino porque no estaba hech para perdurar.

El cambio de siglo trajo consigo nuevas posibilidades de acercamiento a la escritura. Desde el traslado de la frontera entre plagio y creación, y la reapropiación y reescritura de textos ya existentes, hasta el amplio abanico de posibilidades desatado por el estallido de las tecnologías comunicativas, la escritura ha dejado de ser el espacio de introspección autoral privilegiado por el romanticismo para convertirse en una experiencia de la comunalidad contemporanea. Los ensayos que componen este volumen se sumergen en el panorama actual de las letras para trazar una geografía siempre móvil y cambiante de sus posibilidades estéticas, éticas y políticas; pues, a fin de cuentas, la escritura no es un monumento arcaico sino la suma de todas sus manifestaciones, viejas y nuevas, y de cada acercamiento, cada lectura y cada interpretación. Índice Gratulabundus. Introducción Necropolítica y escritura. Una conversación. El estado de las cosas y el estado de los lenguajes: una crítica. Cadáveres textuales. El trabajo inmaterial y la resistencia de las vidas asombradas. #escriturascontraelpoder Fichas anamnésicas. I. La desmuerte del autor: David Markson (1927. 2010). II. De las estéticas citacionistas a las prácticas de la desapropiación: escrituras atravesadas en el español de hoy. III. Los usos del archivo: de la novela histórica a la ficción documental. IV. Mi paso por transcrito: planetarios, esporádicos, exofónicos. V. Breves mensajes desde Pompeya: la producción del presente en 140 caracteres. VI. ¿Sueñan las máquinas con el lenguaje del nosotros?: una curaduría. VII. Prácticas de comunalidad contra la violencia VIII. Desapropiadamente: escribir entre/para los muertos. Notas Acerca de la autora Créditos.

Der vormalige Young British Artist Damien Hirst und der Street Artist Banksy sind zwei der bekanntesten Vertreter der britischen Gegenwartskunst - ihre Werke im Spannungsfeld von Kunst, Konsum und Popkultur gehören zu den meistbeachtetsten unserer Zeit. Eine systematische Aufarbeitung dieser künstlerischen Positionen und ihrer Bezüge zur Konsumkultur unserer Gegenwart hat jedoch lange auf sich warten lassen. Ulrich Blanché schließt diese Lücke: Er untersucht die Werke der Künstler vor dem Hintergrund der Londoner Kunstszene seit 1980, zeigt Verbindungen zu Duchamp, Warhol oder auch Koons auf und reflektiert die Rolle des Rezipienten, die Bedeutung der »Location« und insbesondere die Bezüge zwischen Kunst, Konsum und Werbung in diesen Werken.

Konsumkunst. Kultur und Kommerz bei Banksy und Damien Hirst (2012)

Tomam-se como corpora três folhetos de literatura de cordel para discutir sobre os modos de construção do conceito de identidade política, sua relação com a memória social e discursiva, os discursos repetíveis, os deslizamentos e as subversões de sentido. A análise de discurso considera que a identidade é um movimento que se faz na história e que, por isso, dá-se entre unidade e dispersão: refere-se às posições do sujeito, as chamadas identidades de posicionamento, e às suas filiações aos interdiscursos. O suporte teórico respalda-se em autores, tais como Michel Pêcheux, Dominique Maingueneau, Roberto DaMatta, Karina Kuschnir e Max Weber, que contribuem com reflexões pertinentes sobre o conceito de identidade política. Abstract: Three papers of the cordel literature were taken as "corpora" in order to discuss about the ways of building the concept of political identity, its relation with the social and discursive memories, with the repeatable discourses, with the slides and with the subversions of the senses. The discourse analysis considers that the identity is a movement made in history and, therefore, between unity and dispersion: it refers to the positions of the subject, what is known as “identities of position”, and its filiations to the inter-discourses. The theoretical support is based on authors such as Dominique Maingueneau, Roberto DaMatta, Karina Kuschnir and Max Weber who also contribute with pertinent considerations about the concept of political identity.

Conferencia Magistral de Jaime Labastida Ochoa, Doctor en Filosofía por la UNAM y Director de la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, como parte de la jornada de Cantabria Campus Nobel dedicada al Patrimonio y la Lengua.

Wie gehen Damien Hirst und Banksy mit Konsumkultur um? Welche Strategien wählen die Künstler, um aus dem Konsumkreis zu entfl iehen? Auf welche Weise tauchen diese Phänomene in beider Kunst auf? Diesen Aufsatz zusammenfassend überspitzt Hirst die radikale Säkularisierung unserer Gesellscha.. ; Banksy politisiert ähnlich der Karikatur durch sein Aufdecken von inhärenten Widersprüchen. What is Damien Hirst's and Banksy's attitude towards consumer culture? What strategies choose the artists to get out of the consumption cycle? In what way do these phenomena of capitalism appear in their art? Generally speaking, Hirst exaggerates the radical secularization of our society; Banksy is politicizing similar to the cartoon by uncovering society's inherent contradictions ¿Cuál es el posicionamiento de Damien Hirst y Banksy frente a la cultura del consumo? ¿Qué estrategias adopta cada uno de ellos para distanciarse del ciclo del consumismo? ¿Cómo representan el capitalismo en su obra? Grosso modo: Hirst exagera la radical secularización de nuestra sociedad y Banksy, acercándose a la caricatura, critica decisiones de tipo político mediante la exhibición de las contradicciones inherentes a ellas.

INTRODUÇÃO / 01 1° Capítulo: Percursos Urbanos na Arte de Rua / 06 1.1 O Berço da Arte de Rua / 07 1.2 Filhos dos Guetos / 12 1.3 Passos para a Fama / 16 1.4 Guerra de Estilos / 18 1.5 A Expansão nas Mídias / 24 1.6 O Mercado do Graffiti / 27 2° Capítulo: 2 Ato Transgressor: O Artista na Rua / 32 2.1 O Risco Vale a Pena / 33 2.2 “Declare o Seu Amor à Cidade, São Paulo 450 anos” / 34 2.3 Caminhos na Contramão / 38 2.4 XARPI, Profissão Perigo / 42 2.5 A Pixação pela Porta da Frente / 50 2.6 Escrita Urbana / 57 3° Capítulo: 3 Circuitos Locais / 60 3.1 Graffiti Made in Brasil / 61 3.1.1 Artistas do Graffiti / 64 3.2. O Graffiti com Sotaque Carioca / 70 3.2.1. Graffiti de Periferia / 75 3.3. Antídoto Contra a Pixação / 77 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS / 84 APÊNDICES / 90 Circuitos Locais - Galeria de Fotos / 91 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS / 102 *** Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão da origem das intervençõesurbanas através do grafite contemporâneo, sua expansão no Brasil e de que forma aporta aocircuito das instituições oficiais da arte. Orientamos o escopo de nossa pesquisa no sentido deacompanhar a expansão do fenômeno do grafite como arte de rua no Brasil desde anos 1970 até o presente momento; o processo de crescimento dos dois vieses do grafite (pichação egrafite) nas cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro; de que forma o grafite se consagra comoum novo gênero artístico junto ao circuito institucional; e como o ensino do grafite vem sendovinculado a projetos sociais. Partindo desse recorte recorremos à análise da origem desse movimento nos Estados Unidos; a expansão da pichação nas grandes cidades brasileiras apartir de um contexto urbano, e o grafite como uma expressão juvenil que se impõe nessecenário; assim como aspectos e características da pichação em São Paulo e os processos demidiatização e hibridação cultural. Partindo de uma pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e decampo, buscou-se verificar as diferenças e contrastes entre a pichação e o grafite; quais osmétodos de intervenção, técnicas, materiais e estilos; a análise histórica dos artistas pioneiros no grafite na década de 1970 em São Paulo; assim como, o início do grafite no Rio de Janeironos anos 1980. Por fim, procurou-se entender o propósito de iniciativas que visam a oferta decursos e oficinas de grafite em projetos destinados aos jovens de comunidades de baixa rendano Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Abstract This study aims at contributing to an understanding of the origin of the urbaninterventions through the contemporary graffiti, its development in Brazil, and how itcontributes to the circuit of the official institutions of Art. We have decided to carry out ourresearch in order to monitor the expansion of the graffiti phenomenon as a street art in Brazilfrom the 1970s up to the present time, the process of the growth of the two types of graffiti(writings and picture graffiti) in São Paulo and in Rio de Janeiro; how graffiti has establisheditself as a new artistic genre within the institutional circuit; and how the teaching of graffitihas been connected to social projects. Considering the information collected, we have done ananalysis of the origin of this movement in the United States; the expansion of the graffiti inbig Brazilian cities from an urban context, and the graffiti as a youth expression which hasimposed itself in this scenario; as well as aspects of the writings ( pichação)in São Paulo, andthe processes of mediatization and cultural hybridization. From a documental, bibliographicaland field research, we have attempted to point out the differences and contrasts betweenwritings and picture graffiti; which were the intervention methods, the techniques, thematerials, the styles; the historical analysis of the pioneer artists in the 1970s in São Paulo; aswell as the beginning of graffiti in Rio de Janeiro in the 1980s. Finally, we have tried tounderstand the purpose of the initiatives which aim at offering courses and workshops aboutgraffiti in projects for young people from low-income communities in the state of Rio deJaneiro.

He is the outlaw who has been dragged reluctantly, but relentlessly, ever closer to the art establishment. He is the artist who mocked museums and art galleries alike. Yet he chose to mount his first major exhibition in one of the crustiest museums imaginable – amidst the stuffed animals and the antique pianos of Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery – and made a huge success of it. When, in 2010, Time magazine selected him for its list of 100 most influential people in the world, along with the likes of Barack Obama, Apple’s Steve Jobs and Lady Gaga, he supplied a picture of himself with a paper bag (recyclable of course) over his head. For he is an artist unique in the twenty-first century: famous but unknown. He claims he needs this anonymity to protect himself from the forces of law and order. This was true in the past, but at this stage in his career most cities would welcome a new Banksy on the wall. The argument would be how best to preserve it, not how to lock up its creator. This book does not attempt to unmask him. Tales of scuttling around his home town of Bristol trying to convince childhood friends to reveal his identity would not make for very interesting reading. More important is the fact that fans, followers and even those who are just vaguely aware he exists, don’t want to know who he is. The New Statesman critic who derides it all as ‘ostentatious anonymity’ is very much in the minority. We all enjoy the mystery of the man who has somehow managed to get himself described as ‘Robin Hood’ even though he is hardly robbing the rich to feed the poor. What this book does do, however, is to follow his upward spiral from the outlaw – just one of many – spraying the walls of Bristol in the 1990s to the artist whose work commands hundreds of thousands of pounds in the auction houses of Britain and America. The outsider who has become an insider.

Introduction The experiences of democratization in Latin America and Eastern Europe in the 1980s and early 1990s brought attention to the forces of civil society as key actors in the demise of authoritarian rule (O’Donnell and Schmitter 1986; Cohen and Arato 1992; Bernhard 1993; Linz and Stepan 1996). More recent literature questions the inherently pro-democratic character of civil society activism (Warren 2000; Armony 2004; Jamal 2007). In both lines of argument, societal associations or social movements are at the core of the inquiry. However, Hirschman’s category of “voice,” which encompasses as much articulation of discontent as it does actions of protest (Hirschman 1970), reminds us that for civil society activism to evolve, something fundamental is necessary: an arena in which voices can be raised and heard and in which government and society interact. The question of civil society, thus, is intrinsically linked to the conditions, contours, limitations and possibilities of communication, media and the public sphere. Ever since the term “Facebook revolution” (Smith 2011) was coined for the social mobilizations that led to the downfall of the Mubarak regime in Egypt, this link between communication, civil society activism and democratization has received great media attention. However, most of this attention focused on the mobilizing potential of the digital media at the moment of rupture. This chapter takes a contemporary perspective as it seeks to contribute to our understanding of the Internet’s impact on civil society dynamics in a non-pluralist context through a diachronic comparison. Based on an empirical study of the Cuban case, the argument is as follows. Prior to the entry of the Internet, the civil society debate centered around the quest for higher degrees of autonomy for associations and institutions within the framework of the state-socialist regime. In contrast, the new media enabled the emergence of a new, less state-dependent type of public sphere; as a consequence, the civil society debate has become increasingly centered on the assertion of individual citizenship rights within andvis-à-vis the state. The reformist civil society quest of the pre-Internet period failed in part because of its character as behind-the-scenes-struggle, shielded from public view, which impeded a broader mobilization of protest when the state decided to rein in the incipient push for civil society. In contrast, the current drive for civil society indeed finds strong public repercussion; for its democratizing potential to come to fruition, the crucial fault-line is to connect web-based voice to public debate and social action in the country’s physical off-line environment. By taking Cuba as object of empirical analysis, this study selects a case with a particularly thorough form of authoritarian hold over the public sphere: a formal monopoly of the Cuban state on mass media, established in the historic experience of twentieth-century state-socialism and upheld even two decades after the fall of the Berlin Wall. At the same time, Cuba is strongly exposed to transnational influences and a transnational articulation of voice, due to a large number of emigrant and diaspora communities that remain highly attached to their country of origin (Fernández 2005). The approach chosen to analyze the impact of the Internet on state-society relations is through a diachronic comparison of the Cuban development in two distinct periods: the pre-Internet period, i.e., Cuba in the early to mid 1990s, when the Cold War alignment had already become history but web-based technologies did not yet have a major presence on the island; and more than a decade later, since the mid to late 2000s, when web-based media had made their entry on the island. Formal data on Internet access and use are scarce and unreliable. For 2009, the Cuban Ministry of Informatics and Communications gives the figure of 1,450,000 Cubans, or 12.7 percent, as “Internet users” (ONE 2009)1 without specifying the precise uses this number includes. The figure certainly should not be mistaken for access to the World Wide Web, which remains severely restricted. Instead, the figure most probably includes all Cubans with some kind of (even if only sporadic) access to closed domestic networks or with access to e-mail services. At the same time accounts are shared and, as for other goods and services, also Internet access has a black market side that escapes official statistics. Moreover, Internet content “travels” by USB stick also to many who do not have access themselves. For both these periods, the study relies on the analysis of numerous primary documents, as well as newspapers and secondary literature. In the case of the post-Internet phase, in addition to the above, documents published on the web have been a primary source of analysis. While some authors link issues of civil society and Internet voice merely to the political opposition, this chapter does not limit its focus to this divide but analyzes as much societal actors working within the established institutions of the socialist state as well as those outside of it. In both periods under scrutiny field trips to the island were undertaken in which actors from a broad range of positions were interviewed. While these interviews are not cited directly due to political sensitivities, they provide an invaluable background for the trends described.

La Realtà Aumentata è una nuova forma di comunicazione sempre più diffusa che permette di sovrapporre contenuti digitali, resi visibili attraverso la videocamera di dispositivi mobile come smartphone o tablet, al mondo reale. Il volume vuole essere uno strumento d'informazione per conoscere la nuova frontiera della comunicazione digitale basata sulla georeferenziazione e sui contenuti aumentati. Fino ad oggi, infatti, l'informazione stava altrove rispetto ai luoghi e ai tempi in cui effettivamente era necessaria. Con la nuova tecnologia dell'Augmented Reality, al contrario, è possibile mettere in atto strategie di comunicazione in grado di portare i contenuti giusti al momento e nel luogo opportuno. Nelle aree ormai più varie, dalla formazione alla sanità, dagli spazi commerciali ai beni culturali, si racconta attraverso le esperienze internazionali più significative come le nuove Realtà Aumentate stanno riscrivendo le modalità di ibridazione fra reale e virtuale.

Ao acentuar a visualidade e o visionarismo das imagens verbais, ou a sua tensão e rapidez, a poesia de tradição moderna apresenta-se muitas vezes como uma espécie de cinema, uma arte na qual o fluxo das imagens desempenha um papel determinante. «O cinema extrai da pintura a acção latente de deslocação, de percurso. Tome-se um poema: não há diferença», escreveu Herberto Helder. Como pensar esta similaridade, esta convergência? Em que consiste o cinematismo da poesia? Os autores estudados neste livro encaminham-nos para algumas respostas. […] Quando são tidos em conta os diálogos da poesia com o cinema, a presença temática do universo cinematográfico é normalmente destacada, pelo que ganham especial relevância os poemas dedicados a filmes, realizadores e actores, ou os poemas que funcionam por processos ecfrásticos e por transposição narrativa. […] Há um outro tipo de relação entre a poesia e o cinema que diz respeito às cumplicidades entre duas artes que partilham uma extensa e multímoda reflexão sobre os processos de fazer imagem. Herberto Helder, Carlos de Oliveira, Luiza Neto Jorge, Al Berto, Luís Miguel Nava, Fernando Guerreiro ou Manuel Gusmão desenvolvem formas de intermedialidade situáveis nesse plano, que este livro procura apreender.

La poesía experimental latinoamericana se posiciona frente a la tradición textual que priva a la palabra escrita de sus potencialidades escénicas, gráficas y rituales, y cuestiona los límites del lenguaje, al tiempo que exalta su libertad. La reflexión sobre la letra y la sonoridad de la poesía nos permite considerar a la escritura no como portadora de significados externos a ella, sino como un pensamiento que se despliega por la página y más allá. El aquí y ahora de la escritura se encuentra con el aquí y ahora de la escena, lo cual abre camino a una poesía performativa. Este ensayo reflexiona acerca de estas cuestiones a través del análisis de un caso particular: el trabajo poético y de arte-acción de Raúl Zurita, fundador del Colectivo Acciones de Arte (CADA), el cual tuvo gran impacto en las manifestaciones de arte político durante la dictadura militar de Augusto Pinochet, así como en la manera de concebir los límites entre la literatura y el arte del performance.

Contemporary visual poetry remains as hybrid and experimental an artistic modality as it was in the 20th century, with a continued emphasis on mixing temporal and spatial elements in a dynamic verbal–sound–visual structure. These essential aspects and techniques, still at work today, which originated in simple pattern poems from earlier centuries, reached their peak of sophistication with the Concretists and Neoconcretists. Today, however, intermedia practices have a tendency to focus more on certain aspects of our technoculture that resonate with an ‘altered’ mode of perception, keen on exploring uncharted territories through the newest technologies and the speed of information. To illustrate this attraction to the functional use of technologies, I have selected two representative artists, Bartolome Ferrando and Eduardo Kac. Their radically different lines of work and artistic intentions reflect, nonetheless, a similar conception of poems as (bio)dynamic objects, existing as living art within a continuum of possibilities. Ferrando is more interested in exploring the possibilities of condensing movement in a 2-D or 3-D surface, whereas Kac wants his poetic performances to interfere with the essentials of life itself. These authors prioritize the importance of non-linear sequencing with the organization of multiple levels of information in micro-units of space-time in order to manipulate the standard experiences and expectations of readers.