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El ensayo parte del análisis de la novela “Leviatán” de Paul Auster para reconstruir un contrapunto entre dos formas de concebir una práctica literaria crítica, políticamente comprometida, ligada a diferentes presupuestos acerca del autor, el lenguaje y el lector. A partir del análisis de esas concepciones, se formulan algunos interrogantes que permiten elucidar críticamente las implicaciones de cada posición.

[A1] “Exuberancia selvática” (Naval, 2010: 119), “maraña” (Prieto de Paula, 2010: 28), archipiélago de “poetas-isla” (Sánchez, 2015: 6), “convivencia sosegada de idearios” (Morante, 2016: 12), “diáspora” (Floriano y Rivero Machina, 2016: 225), “insobornable pluralidad” (Díaz, 2016: 11): son algunos de los términos y metáforas que la academia ha empleado a la hora de referir la multitud y variedad de autores y propuestas que desde hace quince años jalonan el escenario poético de la España actual. Puestos a elegir un concepto para proyectar y pensar este horizonte, nosotros preferimos, sin embargo, la imagen del desierto. Por dos motivos. Primero, porque este es un paisaje en permanente y rápida (re)construcción cuyo ecosistema resulta análogo al funcionamiento del campo poético, esto es: un espacio habitualmente considerado como un lugar inhóspito e inexplorado por unos pocos sujetos que en realidad se rige por unas dinámicas vertiginosas de visibilización/invisibilización que ocultan bajo la arena un gran registro de especies. En segundo lugar, porque, si cambiamos el foco de observación, la crítica (tanto por su cercanía temporal a los más recientes creadores como por la avalancha indiscriminada de publicaciones, editoriales y antologías de nuevos nombres, entre otros muchos motivos) todavía no ha abordado las dunas de la poesía actual con una visión global y panorámica. Sí ha dado constancia de su presumible diversidad, sobre todo a través de estudios parciales, aunque sin adentrarse en sus detalles. Somos conscientes, por tanto, de que este paraje puede parecer caótico, inconexo o efímero en un primer vistazo –de hecho, quizás lo sea, como la propia orografía de un desierto–. Ahora bien, creemos que un estudio sistemático podría revelar huellas, rutas y senderos sobre los que no se ha focalizado, e incluso destacar tendencias y puntos de inflexión en la poco transitada, pero bulliciosa, historia de la poesía española joven de los últimos años. En este sentido, los párrafos que siguen se ofrecen como un intento de exploración –y palimpsesto para futuros mapas– de sus coordenadas esenciales; también de las temporales.

Wie gehen Damien Hirst und Banksy mit Konsumkultur um? Welche Strategien wählen die Künstler, um aus dem Konsumkreis zu entfl iehen? Auf welche Weise tauchen diese Phänomene in beider Kunst auf? Diesen Aufsatz zusammenfassend überspitzt Hirst die radikale Säkularisierung unserer Gesellscha.. ; Banksy politisiert ähnlich der Karikatur durch sein Aufdecken von inhärenten Widersprüchen. What is Damien Hirst's and Banksy's attitude towards consumer culture? What strategies choose the artists to get out of the consumption cycle? In what way do these phenomena of capitalism appear in their art? Generally speaking, Hirst exaggerates the radical secularization of our society; Banksy is politicizing similar to the cartoon by uncovering society's inherent contradictions ¿Cuál es el posicionamiento de Damien Hirst y Banksy frente a la cultura del consumo? ¿Qué estrategias adopta cada uno de ellos para distanciarse del ciclo del consumismo? ¿Cómo representan el capitalismo en su obra? Grosso modo: Hirst exagera la radical secularización de nuestra sociedad y Banksy, acercándose a la caricatura, critica decisiones de tipo político mediante la exhibición de las contradicciones inherentes a ellas.

A medio camino entre el centro barroco de La Habana y las playas situadas al este de la ciudad que anteceden al esplendor de Varadero, la barriada de Alamar forma parte del municipio de La Habana del Este: una ciudad dentro de la ciudad, separada de La Habana Vieja por un túnel tras el cual empieza un mundo que el yuma (término despectivo del argot callejero que designa al turista o al extranjero) tiene pocas posibilidades de contemplar como no sea por la ventanilla de uno de esos taxis que recorren sin paradas el espacio comprendido entre el centro y la costa. Cien mil habitantes divididos en veinticinco barrios construidos entre los años setenta y la mitad de la década de los ochenta. Alamar es la antítesis de esa Habana Vieja disneyficada, con sus calles coloniales y su flujo ininterrumpido de turistas: un tiempo y un espacio dilata-dos, edificios racionalistas separados por unas fluidas arterias que conectan los diferentes barrios, espacios agrícolas, un río, vastas áreas militares en desuso, una decrépita y decadente fachada litoral cubierta de hormigón desde la que se vislum-bran las diferentes áreas y etapas de la zona. Una zona que es la plasmación física del diseño y del fracaso de la Utopía, una vasta Unité d'habitation reproducida a gran escala y en la actualidad deshaciéndose poco a poco por la falta de mantenimiento, infraestructuras, servicios comunitarios, comunicaciones y transporte. Una metáfora perfecta de las paradojas y singularidades de Cuba: la instalación abstracta del modelo socialista (y de su fracaso) en una realidad caribeña hecha de lentitud, relaciones y mestizaje. La expansión urbana de la capital cubana llegó a su culmen y al máximo de su decadencia en esta zona, construida por las Microbrigadas, unos grupos de hombres traídos por el gobierno para edificar uno de los proyectos de urbanización de viviendas sociales más imponentes del país. Un periodo constructivo que quedó interrumpido por la crisis econó-mica que siguió a la caída del Muro de Berlín y a la disolución de la URSS (Periodo especial').

After centuries of symbolic and political oppression, Galicia has been recognized by the Spanish constitution as a historic nationality. However, despite a certain degree of political autonomy, Galician identity is threatened by increasing homogenization in the economic, social, cultural and linguistic fields. In the early 1990s the aesthetic movement Bravú constructed an aesthetic community, sustained by an ideological project, and with the aim to, on the one hand, prevent Galician culture from becoming folklore stuck in a time warp and, on the other hand, to validate Galician identity. The Bravú artists refused the historically inherited outsider position and contributed to a reinvention of Galician identity and of a political ideal within a cosmopolitan, internationalist framework and by reversing social stigmas through their works and performances.

Centred around Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony, this paper employs a critical globalisation theory framework to argue that the 1990s notion of ‘changing the world from below', understood as resistance to capitalist globalisation through a ‘transnational civil society', requires re-theorisation in the light of the contemporary developments in Our America. I make a methodological case for a neo-Gramscian approach to argue that ‘counter-hegemony', together with an adequate theorisation of the state and power, should be the preferred concept over the inherently apolitical and under-theorised ‘alter-globalisation'. Whilst the alter-globalisation movement's ideational and normative challenges to hegemony (captured in ex-British prime minister Thatcher's There-Is-No-Alternative-Doctrine, TINA) are undisputed, the transformation of the global geographies of power through local actors alone has remained illusory. Rather, the experience of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America - Peoples' Trade Agreement (ALBA-PTA) strongly suggests that counter-hegemonic globalisation theory will have to consider the roles of both the ‘state-in-revolution' and the ‘transnational organised society'. This will be shown through the analysis and theorisation of the ALBA-PTA as a multi dimensional inter and transnational counter-hegemonic regionalisation and globalisation project that operates across a range of sectors and scales.

The concept of ‘resistance' has turned into a critical tool in different areas of political, philosophical and sociological thought. At the same time, the notion seems to be as productive as it is diffuse. ‘Resistance' is used in very specific contexts in scientific or technical disciplines, and with extreme flexibility in social and cultural studies. In the latter two areas, the concept is often used without prior reflection on its characteristics and limitations. In What is Philosophy?, Deleuze provides a possible framework for conceiving cultural and political practices of resistance as positions of force, when he defines contraction as ‘a contemplation that preserves the preceding in the following'. The purpose of this article is to understand political ecologism in its activist and poetical dimensions, in light of a Deleuzian interpretation of resistance.

Professionalization and political engagement are usually placed as incompatible in the case of journalism and the mainstream press, resulting in an identification of cultural resistance exclusively with alternative/amateur vehicles. I will use the concept of journalistic field as introduced by Pierre Bourdieu to review these assumptions and discuss a form of political resistance that acts in one's own area of knowledge, is not overtly political and whose effects are not immediately accountable for. Drawing examples from my research on two literary newspapers published in the 1950s in Brazil and Uruguay, this paper will focus on the implications of didacticism for literary criticism as a genre of newswriting. The analysis of these newspapers will lead to a reflection on two main issues: a) the conflict between the professionalization and democratization of literature; and b) the definition of resistance as necessarily an action that is against something. The article will reconsider education in journalism as a form of resistance, taking into account its risks of becoming political indoctrination and commercial manipulation, but emphasizing its potential as a way of expanding access to literature.

This article offers a pragmatic and relational analysis of the controversial heuristic of cultural resistance and presents some of the problems that affect the production and distribution of the poetic discourses of resistance and emancipation. To that end, it focuses on the incorporation of the historicity and the historic contingency of conflict as key elements of the subjectification constituted by the poem of resistance as “poem for the political”. It also explores the applicability of certain notions common to the contemporary critical tradition, as developed by scholars such as Badiou, Mouffe, Rancière, Bal and Žižek.

The poetic space, as I see it, is a space of resistance. Resistance against the media which do not need poetry. Communication among poets is a go-between, a web of messages, performances and presentations, the circulation of books and digital materials. These activities are political, functioning as politics in the Greek sense: discussion in a public arena, exchanges of opinion and criticism, interventions, concerted decisions, group projects, a net of relationships around the production of texts, articulating versions and diversions of language. These activities and exchanges give the participants a sense of fulfillment. In this sense to pass is to think, to question a certain regime, to marvel that it is still there, to wonder what makes it possible, going into its enclaves, looking for traces of the movements which formed it and discovering in those stories apparently in ashes, how to think, how to live otherwise.

In this article, I analyze the notions of sequentiality and simultaneity in Ursula K. Le Guin's science fiction novel The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia (1974). I extrapolate this analysis to the contrasting epistemic sensibilities surrounding the concepts of ‘revolution' and ‘resistance' respectively. I am particularly concerned with the role these concepts play in contemporary academic production in the humanities. My aim is to understand the implications of the different conceptions of time and representation associated with each of those two concepts, and what their actual ideological operativity is in the context of the present status quo.

The following text provides a conceptual and theoretical introduction to a collection of essays written by members of the multidisciplinary network of scholars, artists and cultural producers named ‘Poetics of Resistance', which seeks to analyse and encourage discussion of the relationships between creativity, culture and political resistance, in the context of neoliberal globalization. The introduction also provides a critical glossary of a set of loosely interlinking keywords, following Raymond Williams, that mark points of encounter and departure between the approaches of the various authors (not to be confused with the list of keywords used to index each article). Rather than presenting a completed research project, this issue serves as a basis for continuing collaborative research and dialogue in the field, and invites readers to join in the ongoing debate. The contributors to this issue are Paulina Aroch Fugellie, Burghard Baltrusch, Arturo Casas, Marí­a do Cebreiro Rábade Villar, Roberto Echavarren, Marcos Giadas Conde, Cornelia Gräbner, Nathalia Jabur, Thomas Muhr and David Wood.

This essay is a brief study of translation as a practice of aesthetic resistance seen from a historical and philosophical perspective. Translation is perceived as the process of transition and negotiation within the ‘third space' between various different hybrid cultural contexts and their discursive constraints, and referred to as ‘paratranslation'. It summarises the first attempts to think of translation as an almost ‘holistic' paradigm and the aesthetics of intervention from Romantic philosophy onwards. It attempts to show how Walter Benjamin's master narrative, the utopia of ‘pure language', encourages continuous resistance to the totalitarianism of the idea of the ‘original', to aesthetics (within the sense of the perception of the real) and to dominant discourses. It subsequently defines the idea of ‘progress', which considers translation as aesthetic resistance, as a process of construction in constant deconstruction. It concludes by exemplifying the notion of translation as a paradigm of intervention in modernity with a brief analysis of the transcreation performed by Erin Mouré on Fernando Pessoa/Alberto Caeiro's poetic cycle, O Guardador de Rebanhos (The Keeper of Sheep).

This article contests the popular assumption that literature is ever less politically relevant. Quite the contrary is the case: literature and literary language becomes increasingly important for the alter-globalization movement and for the notion that ‘another world is possible.' The work of four authors - Manu Chao, Eduardo Galeano, Subcomandante Marcos, and José Saramago - are comparatively analysed in light of their contribution to an alternative globalism and to an alternative practice of politics. All four authors contribute from different perspectives to the literary articulation of a political project. Their work shares characteristics such as the permeability of genres, the emphasis on the poetical over the narrative, a meandering structure that expresses the search for and step-by-step construction of a cultural and political alternative, and an emphasis on translation and encounter as principles of interaction with difference.

This article analyses a range of discourses articulated around the figure of the film archive between the late nineteenth and the early twenty-first centuries, accounting for the various possibilities that they open up for considering audiovisual heritage as a potential space either for revolutionary change or for political or textual resistance. Focused mainly on archival discourses in Mexico, the article traces their interaction with both national-historical and anti-imperialist narratives, and the implications of digital and online culture for the encounter between the archiving of film and resistance. It accounts for the position of the archive in negotiations between state and private capital and spaces of artistic autonomy, and for the relationships between the archive, modernity, postmodernity and the notion of posterity.

Este artigo forma parte dun traballo de investigación máis amplo que intenta afondar na historia do Grupo de Comunicación Poética Rompente facendo unha crónica do grupo, así como unha recompilación de todos os textos que Rompente publicou ou que ficaron inéditos ou esquecidos pola crítica. Aquí faise unha aproximación a unha das actividades de Rompente: a performance. Destácase esta modalidade artística, tanto pola relevancia que tivo no momento como tamén pola repercusión que ía ter este xeito de interpretar a arte de modo interdisciplinario (poesía, música e pintura) na creación artística galega de finais do século XX. Téntase facer do mesmo xeito unha pequena reflexión sobre o concepto performance. In this article I will discuss one of the activities of the Grupo de Comunicación Poética Rompente: performance. This artistic form is emphasised for the relevance it had at a given period and for the repercussions that this form of interpreting art by interdisciplinary means (poetry, music, and painting) had on Galician artistic creation at the end of the twentieth century. In the same manner, I will try to offer some new considerations on the concept of performance.

En 1976 a poesía galega estaba a vivir un período de potentes cambios no que a renovación poética, ideolóxica e política camiñaban da man. A poesía estaba a decidir cál tiña que ser a súa relación coa realidade e cáles ían ser os camiños estéticos e formais a seguir, en pleno auxe da poesía epigonal socialrealista. Este mesmo ano xorde Rompente, o primeiro intento colectivo de renovar a poesía desde a convicción da vangarda permante. A súa proposta artellábase atendendo a catro principios elementais: comunicación, innovación, multidisciplinariedade e compromiso coa realidade. Fronte á poesía máis transcendente que logo ha callar nos anos oitenta, o grupo de Vigo aposta decididamente polo compromiso inmediato para servir como revulsivo na transformación da sociedade galega e por iso non lle ten medo ningún a transgredir calquera tipo de fronteira (formato, xénero, rexistro, temas, medio de expresión...). Neste artigo tentaremos explicar desde unha perspectiva historicista en qué consistiu Rompente.

The intertwining of poetry and space has been a subject of scholarly research and debate for many years, but its study has acquired new vigor with transformations in media and the advent of the Internet. Indeed, a shared concept of space cannot be taken for granted and its facets have been reconfigured to the degree that research initiatives, like that of the Contemporary Poetry in Public Space group1, have become important reference points regarding its nature for researchers exploring the topic. Bearing in mind that, through perception, space and time are bound together, this group’s recent discussion of poetry’s temporal roots in rhythm and corporal gesture (Chamberlain 45-58) necessarily calls for a corresponding reflection on poetry’s rootedness in space. It calls for a reflection understood in the etymological sense of running thoughts backward from the conceptual, through the perceptual, to approach the deep-rooted experience of poetic discourse, understood broadly as a celebration of language.